Ask Mike: Who invented the toothbrush?

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Hey Guys,

A few years ago, I started using an electric toothbrush at the behest of my exasperated dentist. It was a good call–I went from being told my teeth and gums represented those of a hobo, to someone who didn’t have to live in fear of his six-month cleaning. Recently, as I lay back in the dental chair listening to the hygienist talk about how my gums “look great,” I got to wondering: Who invented the toothbrush?

I started at Yahoo! Search and quickly found a great link from the Library of Congress. They explain that modern toothbrushes were invented in 1938. However, teeth cleaning devices can be traced as far back as 3000 BC. “Ancient civilizations used a ‘chew stick,’ which was a thin twig with a frayed end.” Folks would rub them against their teeth, perhaps in hopes of prying away any unsightly woolly mammoth meat.

The very first mass-produced toothbrush was made by an English chap named William Addis sometime around 1780. A page from The American Society of Mechanical Engineers explains that Addis “attached hairs from the tail of a cow to the end of a whittled thighbone from the same animal.” Amazingly, to this day, “descendants of William Addis still manufacture toothbrushes at a factory in England.” (I presume they no longer use cow tails.)

As for the electric toothbrush, the Library of Congress writes that it first hit the market around 1960. One of the more famous models was known as the Broxodent. I searched around for more info on the landmark tooth-scrubber and came across this vintage ad from the ’60s, marketing the contraption as “a thoughtful and welcome gift.”

Clearly you guys know my stance on the whole electric vs. manual toothbrush debate. Got your own opinions? What about the different types of toothpaste. Does it matter if you use “anti-cavity” toothpaste instead of “whitening” toothpaste? My experience tells me no, but I’d love to hear your thoughts.

Thanks for reading,

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  1. The toothbrush as we know it today was not invented until 1938. However, early forms of the toothbrush have been in existence since 3000 BC. Ancient civilizations used a “chew stick,” which was a thin twig with a frayed end. These ‘chew sticks’ were rubbed against the teeth.

    The bristle toothbrush, similar to the type used today, was not invented until 1498 in China. The bristles were actually the stiff, coarse hairs taken from the back of a hog’s neck and attached to handles made of bone or bamboo.

    Boar bristles were used until 1938, when nylon bristles were introduced by Dupont de Nemours. The first nylon toothbrush was called Doctor West’s Miracle Toothbrush. Later, Americans were influenced by the disciplined hygiene habits of soldiers from World War II. They became increasingly concerned with the practice of good oral hygiene and quickly adopted the nylon toothbrush.

    Some other interesting toothbrush facts:

    * The first mass-produced toothbrush was made by William Addis of Clerkenwald, England, around 1780.
    * The first American to patent a toothbrush was H. N. Wadsworth, (patent number 18,653,) on Nov. 7, 1857.
    * Mass production of toothbrushes began in America around 1885.
    * One of the first electric toothbrushes to hit the American market was in 1960. It was marketed by the Squibb company under the name Broxodent.

    Comment posted on July 22nd, 2009 at 2:50 pm by dane
  2. idont know who invented it but iwould like to send him abig thank u from every human to where ever his soul is.can imagine if there is no toothbrush in the world? Iwell never go near ahuman been ever again

    Comment posted on July 22nd, 2009 at 4:50 pm by doudy
  3. i am so fascinated

    Comment posted on July 22nd, 2009 at 4:52 pm by Ang
  4. Some modern civilizations still use the “chew stick” you mention, it’s called Miswak. It has natural antibacterial properties and promotes very healthy gums and teeth. Many modern muslims use the miswak because it’s sunnah, or a practice adopted since the time of the prophet Muhammad.

    Comment posted on July 22nd, 2009 at 5:11 pm by Ann
  5. The toothbrush was invented in Addison New York. If it as invented anywhere else it would be called the teethbrush.

    Comment posted on July 22nd, 2009 at 6:10 pm by ergott3
  6. Hay just eat healthy, then you don’t have to worry about using a toothbrush to much.

    Comment posted on July 22nd, 2009 at 6:53 pm by BlueBoden
  7. Well ……the Tooth Brush was invented in Aransas Pass, Texas ….it’s obvious ….for had it been invented anywhere else …..it would be called the Teeth Brush ……….

    Comment posted on July 22nd, 2009 at 7:36 pm by sinic
  8. Well it’s not so much the toothpaste you use but how well you brush your teeth, and floss as well. Unless your teeth are extremely well formed, flossing remains essential in maintaining healthy teeth. Also, the correct techniques should be used to brush your teeth, with the correct bristle firmness too. About the toothpaste, it’s not the first I’ve heard from people asking about which to choose. I don’t know, I just go with what tastes better. I’d pick Cookies and Peppermint flavoured if there was.

    Comment posted on July 22nd, 2009 at 7:47 pm by Joel Tan
  9. That’s weird. I remember I did a report on the origins of the toothbrush back in middleschool (we had to do a paper on the origins of everyday things) and what I remember from that report was that it was invented by a man when he went to prison. He used a bone as the structure (probably a chicken bone from dinner or something) and he bribed the guard into bringing him fibers, which he fastened into the bone after poking holes into it.
    I could easily be wrong, but that’s what I learned.

    Comment posted on July 22nd, 2009 at 9:27 pm by Carly
  10. And if you want to see a Chinese baby inexplicably using an electric toothbrush, including part of the time while wearing his mom’s bra, see http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MjNt_qVOc0g.

    Comment posted on July 22nd, 2009 at 9:35 pm by seattlecarmen
  11. haha well first off, i really dont know but good question! all i have to say is all that matters is if u use it :)

    Comment posted on July 22nd, 2009 at 11:01 pm by Brie
  12. I remember reading a book which said that toothbrush was first invented in China, using a stick as a handle and pig’s hair as the bristles.

    Comment posted on July 22nd, 2009 at 11:19 pm by Brian
  13. is there toothbrush last 3000BC?? ONLY BAYABAS ARE ONLY USED THAT ONLY MY PREDICTION

    Comment posted on July 23rd, 2009 at 3:50 am by edd
  14. dont eat chocolates and candies to save in toothbrush and toothpaste!!!!!!!!!!!!!

    Comment posted on July 23rd, 2009 at 3:51 am by edd
  15. Not the British.

    Comment posted on July 23rd, 2009 at 5:54 am by jj
  16. INTERESTING!
    have to comment on what Ann said, yah the chew stick mentioned is still being used by Muslims. i used to use it when we still had some. lol. i think that to have a healthier and stronger teeth and gums it also depends on what toothpaste u use. if not why would toothpaste companies add all sorts of chemicals to our toothpastes? calcium, chloride, fluoride etc. which are found in our toothpastes are also used when dentist bleach our teeth. i don’t think that the type of toothpaste u choose is just irrelevant. some special toothpastes are effective to fight cavities, tooth decay, teeth stains and also for whitening our teeth. what i find irrelevant is the new kinds of toothbrushes that bends, 360 degrees flexible, easy to hold, have a back tongue scrubber, or even like a gum massage. which would even cost 10 times the ordinary manual brushes we use. just use regular tooth brush people. just let ur hand direct ur brush to all the regions of ur mouth u want to brush! lol!

    Comment posted on July 23rd, 2009 at 7:03 am by hamza
  17. To Blue Boden, eating healthy DOES NOT in any way negate the need for brushing and flossing. As a matter of fact, eating healthy can actually harm your teeth. The natural sugars and acids in many fruits and vegetables cause erosion and decay, so it is essential to brush and floss after EVERY meal, not just the unhealthy ones.

    Comment posted on July 23rd, 2009 at 7:52 am by frdrtd
  18. in 1498 by an emperor in China made a tooth brush by using hog bristles and a bone for the handle then people started to upgrade it.

    Comment posted on July 23rd, 2009 at 8:14 am by Mike
  19. north of the Mason/ Dixon line I’m sure it’ called a teeth brush

    Comment posted on July 23rd, 2009 at 9:03 am by Terry mullins
  20. We should have evolved from toothbrushes by now ~_~. Maybe some kind of rinse should clean our teeth in 5 seconds or less.

    Comment posted on July 23rd, 2009 at 10:08 am by taniaess
  21. Interesting!
    I actually prefer using the electronic toothbrushes because regular ones don’t work as well.
    The electronic brushes move fast and get in deep.
    I need it because my teeth are still bent out of shape.

    Comment posted on July 23rd, 2009 at 10:36 am by Shannen
  22. TO TERRY MULLINS:

    Stop stereotyping people. We call it a ‘toothbrush’ just like everyone else.

    Comment posted on July 23rd, 2009 at 10:38 am by Shannen
  23. Check ToothBrush.com

    Comment posted on July 23rd, 2009 at 11:16 am by Priscilla
  24. What a terrific piece of information. Thank You!

    Comment posted on July 23rd, 2009 at 12:17 pm by Aunt Susan
  25. I love reading random pieces of information.

    Comment posted on July 23rd, 2009 at 12:58 pm by Sophi
  26. I never use a toothbrush.
    My highscool teacher expressed many times that using
    a tootbrush by man leads to homosexuality (not mentioning bleeding of gum, inflammations, even cancer in the mouth.)

    Comment posted on July 23rd, 2009 at 1:05 pm by huscafat
  27. Interesting story.
    I personally like to use non-electric toothbrushes… If I use an electric one I just feel like I haven’t brushed my teeth good enough.

    Comment posted on July 23rd, 2009 at 1:58 pm by Danielle
  28. some guy that was in jail got this idea of putting stiff string on little holes in a stick to brush his teeth

    Comment posted on July 23rd, 2009 at 2:18 pm by Ivan
  29. The early Egyptians created the toothbrush.

    Comment posted on July 23rd, 2009 at 4:52 pm by Erika Donadio
  30. We should have evolved from toothbrushes by now ~_~. Maybe some kind of rinse should clean our teeth in 5 seconds or less.

    Ok, you can be the one to create this enviormentally destructive “miracle mouthwash” you talk about.

    Comment posted on July 23rd, 2009 at 5:25 pm by Sarah
  31. The toothbrush is an old one. Is believed to have been invented by Chinese, who used the bristles of the neck of swine. Europe adopted it in the seventeenth century.

    The nylon bristles were first produced in 1938 and the electric toothbrush was developed in Switzerland after World War II.

    Comment posted on July 23rd, 2009 at 6:00 pm by sovie7
  32. To Shannen
    Thanks for understanding.

    Comment posted on July 23rd, 2009 at 6:16 pm by Terry mullins
  33. noone invented it it fell out of the sky 37 years ago and people thought it tasted good so they added new m flavors to make it taste better better known as toothpaste after awhile it caught on that it help out teeth cleaningand thats how we know benjamen franklin invented the toothbrush

    Comment posted on July 23rd, 2009 at 7:01 pm by johnburgess
  34. hey fun fact.. the native americans invented the toothbrush, they were also the first ones to practice dentistry by using turquoise for fillings.. true stuff

    Comment posted on July 23rd, 2009 at 8:47 pm by marcialago
  35. “The Principles of Advanced First Aid” by J.M.D.

    The Principles of Advance First Aid aim to prevent injury before it happens, to provide help when injury does occur, to find professional care for all serious threats, and to educate about the importance of abstinence before marriage and the prevention of sexually transmitted diseases. EMS is the Emergency Medical System, a system of professionally trained medical providers, including lifeguards, police, firemen, paramedics, nurses, and doctors, also known as EMTs, Emergency Medical Technicians. Witnesses and Citizen Responders who see an emergency notify the authorities without doing anything to make the situation worse. Knowing emergency numbers and who to call is essential. This is why North America established the 911 emergency hotline, which provides emergency response and emergency care for urgent crisis. Calling 911 puts the caller in touch with an emergency response operator who will ask questions about the crisis in order to contact the proper agencies, fire department, police, rescue, and paramedic units.
    Fire safety and fire prevention are important topics. Industrial accidents can be prevented by understanding the principles of fire safety and fire prevention. Only licensed and trained professionals are authorized to handle HAZMAT, ‘hazardous material’. Proper equipment is needed. Every office and home should be equipped with smoke detectors, fire alarms, and fire extinguishers. A good garden hose is a good start, but ABC fire extinguishers offer protection for professional offices and industrial platforms. Fire is not a toy. Never allow sparks from a fire to blow into a yard or forest. Always use covered hearths to cook outdoors and always douse the fire with water or a chemical powder afterwards. Stay away from outlets and plugs where electrical appliances are plugged into. Electricity is intense energy and can start a fire if mishandled. Also electricity is dangerous and can shock a careless person to death. Check voltage meters regularly and never handle electrical equipment without a proper insulator such as thick rubber. Never touch exposed electrical wires. An electric charge often remains inside wires after a piece of equipment has been turned off, so never assume that there is no charge remaining. Grounding is a precaution that directs unsafe electrical current away from a device and people to a neutral outlet such as the ground. Charges must be grounded by a grounding wire or pole connecting the source to the ground (‘grounding’). Fuses also help to protect unsafe electrical charges from spreading by limiting the voltage that is allowed through a circuit. If a fuse breaks then the flow of electricity is temporarily stopped until the equipment is turned off and a new fuse is installed. Do not service electrical equipment while such equipment remains on. Take such equipment to a licensed dealer for maintenance or repairs. Superficial burns, partial thickness burns, and full thickness burns need the appropriate care. Such wounds should be cooled with water and then dressed with a clean cloth. Proper medical attention should be immediately sought for any life threatening burn such as a full thickness burn. It is important to always have an exit plan in case of a fire. Keep the area clear of obstacles in order to prevent problems when leaving.
    Citizen responders survey a scene in order to gather as much information as possible. During this survey they will notice any obstacles, dangers, and victims. Dangers that must be avoided include broken power lines, gas leaks, chemical spills, and fire. Obstacles may include debris, broken glass, scattered tools, and leaks of various kinds. Citizen Responders do not interfere but can call and contact professionals in order to provide the necessary care. Professional caregivers will want to know as much about the accident or problem as possible before they arrive, so any Citizen Responder must be prepared to describe the scene, location, addresses, and phone numbers that will help them in any way. Citizen responders must avoid injury to themselves and must avoid complicating any crisis. Care Givers must always avoid inflicting harm. This includes not inflicting trauma to the spinal cord of any trauma victim by moving them prematurely without the proper stabilization equipment. Shock from an injury can often be treated by warming the victim with a clean blanket. Ice can reduce the swelling from many burns. Ice can also numb the sting from a scrape. Water cleans wounds so that fresh bandages can be applied. Bandages must never choke a victim or cause fractures to nearby bones. Bandages control and stop bleeding, protecting a wound from germs and preventing loss of blood. Never abuse prescriptions. Prescription medication may have side effects that should be fully explained by a doctor. Some patients are allergic to certain medications and therefore are not allowed to have certain brands or certain kinds of medication. Prescription medication can react harmfully if mixed improperly. Patients should avoid substance abuse. Patients should never overdose on any kind of controlled substance such as alcohol or medication. Professional treatment is necessary to diagnose and treat any serious ailment.
    Other dangers that must be avoided are pests and substance abuse. Pests such as stray animals can carry rabies, a fatal disease to humans. People therefore need proper vaccinations to protect against rabies and other known viruses. Vaccinations are an important step to preserving good health. Snake bites can be poisonous, even deadly. Snakes with red, yellow, or orange markings are venomous and therefore dangerous. Snakes with angled or slit like irises are also poisonous. Larger snakes that grow to very long sizes are dangerous because of their large size. Antidotes exist that can treat some snake bite cases. Usually the poison must be pumped or suctioned out of the wound itself while the antidote is administered. People should avoid provoking animal attacks of all kinds. Often hikers and boaters carry protection such as mace, a club, and a gun. Smart folks also carry portable or cellular phones, just in case. Those who do should avoid distracted driving, using the phone only for emergency. Distracted driving is a crime. Motorists should always wear safety belts. Drivers should pull over to the side of the road if they need to make a call, or they can hand the phone to a passenger who is free and can make the call without disturbing other cars or pedestrians on the road. Safety is always important and should be observed in order to prevent accidents and injuries.

    Comment posted on July 23rd, 2009 at 10:24 pm by xltrue
  36. Though I do indeed agree that a toothbrush is the most essential of oral hygine tools, be it electric or manual; I have never had a more satisfying oral hygine ritual than the one that starts or finishes with the allmighty water pik. Irrigate the funk.

    Comment posted on July 23rd, 2009 at 11:04 pm by Leah
  37. i’ll start using an electric toothbrush!

    Comment posted on July 23rd, 2009 at 11:31 pm by Pauli
  38. Um… to “huscafat”… um… why would using a toothbrush make you gay? The reason gums bleed is because the gums aren’t used to being brushed and/or are “sick” (for lack of a better phrase). Unless your teacher can back that claim, I wouldn’t believe it. It is some strange thing…

    This was really interesting, though.

    Comment posted on July 23rd, 2009 at 11:33 pm by equality [=]
  39. Someone who has only one tooth, otherwise it would have been called a teeth brush!

    Comment posted on July 24th, 2009 at 12:16 am by Kristen
  40. Partially Incorrect Answer!
    Because if you do some research you will realize that very FIRST cleaning of teeth was mandated by Islamic Religion over 1300 years ago. It was compulsory for all Muslims to clean their teeth with a makeshift tooth brush which was a special trees branch. It was called “MUSWAK” …. in those days while the rest of the world did not even know the importance of teet cleaning. Islamic religion made it mandatory to clean your teeth 5 times a day with the tooth brush of the times called Muswak…

    Comment posted on July 24th, 2009 at 12:42 am by John
  41. The toothbrush was invented in the back woods of Kentucky. Otherwise, it would have been named a teeth-brush.

    Comment posted on July 24th, 2009 at 12:53 am by Mick Russom
  42. taniaess – “We should have evolved from toothbrushes by now ~_~. Maybe some kind of rinse should clean our teeth in 5 seconds or less.”

    Anything that would dissolve the plaque off your teeth for you would damage the teeth, deary XP.
    Most of the good from brushing your teeth is actually from the scrubbing part, not the toothpaste part.

    Comment posted on July 24th, 2009 at 1:07 am by LaDi
  43. In Ancient China the Meo or Hmong chew on sugar canes

    Comment posted on July 24th, 2009 at 3:07 am by Noodle III
  44. Well, the electric chair was invented by a dentist, so the toothbrush must’ve been invented by a mad scientist, wanting to painlessly clean his teeth without shoving string in his gums.

    Comment posted on July 24th, 2009 at 5:35 am by Squiggums
  45. who invited the toothbrush??????????
    add me plz
    ill add you

    Comment posted on July 24th, 2009 at 7:48 am by cara
  46. idk

    Comment posted on July 24th, 2009 at 8:17 am by mitch
  47. Electric is the way to go.

    Comment posted on July 27th, 2009 at 10:02 am by AMH – Insurance
  48. At the university of Alberta, when you first walk in to the faculty of Dentistry written in stone it says ” Thanks to the first man who created the toothbrush, the prophet Muhammed”. Im like wow because i remember in many texts the prophet telling us to brush our teeth five times a day with the Miswak because it makes your breath clean and the the miswak has many healthy compounds to the teeth and stomach. A dentist tld me they still use compounds from the miswak in some toothpaste till this day. I love my miswak

    Comment posted on November 21st, 2009 at 10:09 pm by SultanEid

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